Cinder contains a suite of unit tests, in the cinder/tests/unit directory.
Any proposed code change will be automatically rejected by the OpenStack Jenkins server [1] if the change causes unit test failures.
There are a number of ways to run unit tests currently, and there’s a combination of frameworks used depending on what commands you use. The preferred method is to use tox, which calls ostestr via the tox.ini file. To run all tests simply run:
tox
This will create a virtual environment, load all the packages from test-requirements.txt and run all unit tests as well as run flake8 and hacking checks against the code.
Note that you can inspect the tox.ini file to get more details on the available options and what the test run does by default.
One common activity is to just run a single test, you can do this with tox simply by specifying to just run py27 or py34 tests against a single test:
tox -epy27 -- -n cinder.tests.unit.test_volume.AvailabilityZoneTestCase.test_list_availability_zones_cached
Or all tests in the test_volume.py file:
tox -epy27 -- -n cinder.tests.unit.test_volume
For more information on these options and how to run tests, please see the ostestr documentation.
In addition you can also use the wrapper script run_tests.sh by simply executing:
./run_tests.sh
This script is a wrapper around the testr testrunner and the flake8 checker. Note that there has been talk around deprecating this wrapper and this method of testing, it’s currently available still but it may be good to get used to using tox or even ostestr directly.
Documenation is left in place for those that still use it.
The run_tests.sh script supports several flags. You can view a list of flags by doing:
run_tests.sh -h
This will show the following help information:
Usage: ./run_tests.sh [OPTION]...
Run Cinder's test suite(s)
-V, --virtual-env Always use virtualenv. Install automatically if not present
-N, --no-virtual-env Don't use virtualenv. Run tests in local environment
-s, --no-site-packages Isolate the virtualenv from the global Python environment
-r, --recreate-db Recreate the test database (deprecated, as this is now the default).
-n, --no-recreate-db Don't recreate the test database.
-x, --stop Stop running tests after the first error or failure.
-f, --force Force a clean re-build of the virtual environment. Useful when dependencies have been added.
-p, --pep8 Just run pep8
-P, --no-pep8 Don't run pep8
-c, --coverage Generate coverage report
-h, --help Print this usage message
--hide-elapsed Don't print the elapsed time for each test along with slow test list
Because run_tests.sh is a wrapper around testr, it also accepts the same flags as testr. See the `testr documentation`_ for details about these additional flags.
Instead of running all tests, you can specify an individual directory, file, class, or method that contains test code.
To run the tests in the cinder/tests/scheduler directory:
./run_tests.sh scheduler
To run the tests in the cinder/tests/test_libvirt.py file:
./run_tests.sh test_libvirt
To run the tests in the HostStateTestCase class in cinder/tests/test_libvirt.py:
./run_tests.sh test_libvirt.HostStateTestCase
To run the ToPrimitiveTestCase.test_dict test method in cinder/tests/test_utils.py:
./run_tests.sh test_utils.ToPrimitiveTestCase.test_dict
By default, when one or more unit test fails, all of the data sent to the logger during the failed tests will appear on standard output, which typically consists of many lines of texts. The logging output can make it difficult to identify which specific tests have failed, unless your terminal has a large scrollback buffer or you have redirected output to a file.
You can suppress the logging output by calling run_tests.sh with the nose flag:
--nologcapture
By default, the tests use the Python packages installed inside a virtualenv [2]. (This is equivalent to using the -V, --virtualenv flag). If the virtualenv does not exist, it will be created the first time the tests are run.
If you wish to recreate the virtualenv, call run_tests.sh with the flag:
-f, --force
Recreating the virtualenv is useful if the package dependencies have changed since the virtualenv was last created. If the requirements.txt or tools/install_venv.py files have changed, it’s a good idea to recreate the virtualenv.
By default, the unit tests will see both the packages in the virtualenv and the packages that have been installed in the Python global environment. In some cases, the packages in the Python global environment may cause a conflict with the packages in the virtualenv. If this occurs, you can isolate the virtualenv from the global environment by using the flag:
-s, --no-site packages
If you do not wish to use a virtualenv at all, use the flag:
-N, --no-virtual-env
Some of the unit tests make queries against an sqlite database [#f3]_. By default, the test database (tests.sqlite) is deleted and recreated each time run_tests.sh is invoked (This is equivalent to using the -r, --recreate-db flag). To reduce testing time if a database already exists it can be reused by using the flag:
-n, --no-recreate-db
Reusing an existing database may cause tests to fail if the schema has changed. If any files in the cinder/db/sqlalchemy have changed, it’s a good idea to recreate the test database.
Running Tests from Shared Folders
If you are running the unit tests from a shared folder, you may see tests start to fail or stop completely as a result of Python lockfile issues [#f4]_. You can get around this by manually setting or updating the following line in cinder/tests/conf_fixture.py:
CONF['lock_path'].SetDefault('/tmp')
Note that you may use any location (not just /tmp!) as long as it is not a shared folder.
Footnotes
| [1] | See Continuous Integration with Jenkins. |
| [2] | See Setting Up a Development Environment for more details about the use of virtualenv. |