Manual Kubernetes Version UpgradeΒΆ

You can upgrade the Kubernetes version on a running system from one supported version to another.

Note

Each StarlingX release supports two or more consecutive Kubernetes releases. The default version on a fresh install will always be the latest Kubernetes release supported by a StarlingX release. Upgrades from previous releases will always start with the same Kubernetes version as the highest version from the release you are upgrading from.

Kubernetes upgrades must be done sequentially without skipping any release(s).

About this task

To complete this task, you will apply the following three updates (patches) and upgrade various systems.

Platform update

The platform update contains metadata for the new Kubernetes version and the Kubernetes networking pods templates for the new Kubernetes version.

Kubeadm update

The kubeadm update upgrades the kubeadm RPM to the new Kubernetes version.

Kubelet and Kubectl update

This Kubernetes update upgrades kubelet and kubectl RPMs to the new Kubernetes version.

Prerequisites

  • The system must be clear of alarms.

  • All hosts must be unlocked, enabled and available.

  • All Kubernetes pods must be ready.

  • The installed applications must be compatible with the new Kubernetes version.

  • All updates required for the new Kubernetes version must be transferred to the active controller.

  • If you are using NetApp Trident in StarlingX r9.0 and have upgraded from the StarlingX previous version, ensure that your NetApp backend version is compatible with Trident 24.02 and follow the steps in Upgrade the NetApp Trident Software to upgrade the Trident drivers to 24.02 before upgrading Kubernetes to version 1.29.

Procedure

  1. Upload, apply and install the platform update.

    Use the standard sw-patch, upload, apply and install commands to perform these operations.

  2. List the available Kubernetes versions.

    On a fresh install of StarlingX r9.0, the following output appears, for example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-version-list
+---------+--------+-------------+
| Version | Target | State       |
+---------+--------+-------------+
| v1.21.8 | False  | unavailable |
| v1.22.5 | False  | unavailable |
| v1.23.1 | False  | unavailable |
| v1.24.4 | True   | active      |
+---------+--------+-------------+

    If StarlingX was upgraded to r9.0, the following appears:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-version-list
+---------+--------+-------------+
| Version | Target | State       |
+---------+--------+-------------+
| v1.21.8 | True   | active      |
| v1.22.5 | False  | available   |
| v1.23.1 | False  | unavailable |
| v1.24.4 | False  | unavailable |
+---------+--------+-------------+

    The following meanings apply to the output shown:

    Target

    A value of True means that the target is currently selected for installation.

    State

    Can be one of:

    active

    The version is running everywhere.

    partial

    The version is running somewhere.

    available

    The version can be upgraded to.

    unavailable

    The version is not available for upgrading. Either it is a downgrade or it requires an intermediate upgrade first. Kubernetes can be only upgraded one version at a time.

  3. Confirm that the system is healthy.

    Check the current system health status, resolve any alarms and other issues reported by the system health-query-kube-upgrade command then recheck the system health status to confirm that all System Health fields are set to OK.

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system health-query-kube-upgrade
    System Health:
    All hosts are provisioned: [OK]
    All hosts are unlocked/enabled: [OK]
    All hosts have current configurations: [OK]
    All hosts are patch current: [OK]
    Ceph Storage Healthy: [OK]
    No alarms: [OK]
    All kubernetes nodes are ready: [OK]
    All kubernetes control plane pods are ready: [OK]
    Required patches are applied: [OK]
    License valid for upgrade: [OK]
    No instances running on controller-1: [OK]
    All kubernetes applications are in a valid state: [OK]
    Active controller is controller-0: [OK]

  4. Start the Kubernetes upgrade.

    For example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-start v1.22.5
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property     | Value                                |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| from_version | v1.21.8                              |
| to_version   | v1.22.5                              |
| state        | upgrade-started                      |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+

    The upgrade process checks the applied/available updates, the upgrade path, the health of the system, the installed applications compatibility and validates the system is ready for an upgrade.

    Warning

    The command system kube-upgrade-start --force causes the upgrade process to ignore non-management-affecting alarms. Kubernetes cannot be upgraded if there are management-affecting alarms.

  5. Download the Kubernetes images.

    For example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-download-images
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property     | Value                                |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| uuid         | bf3f9c80-0cec-49a0-91ef-dd86c9bb8fe8 |
| from_version | v1.21.8                              |
| to_version   | v1.22.5                              |
| state        | downloading-images                   |
| created_at   | 2023-06-26T18:44:46.854319+00:00     |
| updated_at   | None                                 |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+

  6. Confirm that the download has completed.

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-show
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property     | Value                                |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| uuid         | bf3f9c80-0cec-49a0-91ef-dd86c9bb8fe8 |
| from_version | v1.21.8                              |
| to_version   | v1.22.5                              |
| state        | downloaded-images                    |
| created_at   | 2023-06-26T18:44:46.854319+00:00     |
| updated_at   | 2023-06-26T18:51:29.486448+00:00     |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+

  7. Update all applications that have the timing: pre metadata setting.

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-pre-application-update

  8. Upgrade Kubernetes networking, for example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-networking
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property     | Value                                |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| uuid         | bf3f9c80-0cec-49a0-91ef-dd86c9bb8fe8 |
| from_version | v1.21.8                              |
| to_version   | v1.22.5                              |
| state        | upgrading-networking                 |
| created_at   | 2023-06-26T18:44:46.854319+00:00     |
| updated_at   | 2023-06-26T18:51:29.486448+00:00     |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+

    The state upgraded-networking will be entered when the networking upgrade has completed.

  9. Upgrade the storage, for example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-storage
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property     | Value                                |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| uuid         | bf3f9c80-0cec-49a0-91ef-dd86c9bb8fe8 |
| from_version | v1.27.5                              |
| to_version   | v1.28.4                              |
| state        | upgrading-storage                    |
| created_at   | 2024-02-13T18:44:46.854319+00:00     |
| updated_at   | 2024-02-13T18:51:29.486448+00:00     |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+

    The state upgraded-storage will be entered when the storage upgrade has completed.

  10. Upgrade the control plane on the first controller, for example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-host-upgrade controller-1 control-plane
+-----------------------+-------------------------+
| Property              | Value                   |
+-----------------------+-------------------------+
| control_plane_version | v1.21.8                 |
| hostname              | controller-1            |
| id                    | 2                       |
| kubelet_version       | v1.21.8                 |
| personality           | controller              |
| status                | upgrading-control-plane |
| target_version        | v1.22.5                 |
+-----------------------+-------------------------+

    You can upgrade either controller first.

    The state upgraded-first-master will be entered when the first control plane upgrade has completed.

  11. Upgrade the control plane on the second controller, for example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-host-upgrade controller-0 control-plane
+-----------------------+-------------------------+
| Property              | Value                   |
+-----------------------+-------------------------+
| control_plane_version | v1.21.8                 |
| hostname              | controller-0            |
| id                    | 1                       |
| kubelet_version       | v1.21.8                 |
| personality           | controller              |
| status                | upgrading-control-plane |
| target_version        | v1.22.5                 |
+-----------------------+-------------------------+

    The state upgraded-second-master will be entered when the upgrade has completed.

  12. Show the Kubernetes upgrade status for all hosts, for example:

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-host-upgrade-list
+----+--------------+-------------+----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+--------+
| id | hostname     | personality | target_version | control_plane_version | kubelet_version | status |
+----+--------------+-------------+----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+--------+
| 1  | controller-0 | controller  | v1.22.5        | v1.22.5               | v1.21.8         | None   |
| 2  | controller-1 | controller  | v1.22.5        | v1.22.5               | v1.21.8         | None   |
| 3  | worker-0     | worker      | v1.18.1        | N/A                   | v1.18.1         | None   |
| 4  | worker- 1    | worker      | v1.18.1        | N/A                   | v1.18.1         | None   |
+----+--------------+-------------+----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+--------+

    The control planes of both controllers are now upgraded to v1.19.13.

  13. Upgrade kubelet on both controllers.

    Either controller can be upgraded first.

    The kubelets on all controller hosts must be upgraded before upgrading kubelets on worker hosts.

    For each controller, do the following.

    1. For non AIO-SX systems, lock the controller.

      For example:

      ~(keystone_admin)]$ system host-lock controller-1

      Warning

      For All-In-One Simplex systems, the controller must not be locked.

    2. Apply the upgrade.

      For example:

      ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-host-upgrade controller-1 kubelet
+-----------------------+-------------------+
| Property              | Value             |
+-----------------------+-------------------+
| control_plane_version | v1.22.5           |
| hostname              | controller-1      |
| id                    | 2                 |
| kubelet_version       | v1.21.8           |
| personality           | controller        |
| status                | upgrading-kubelet |
| target_version        | v1.22.5           |
+-----------------------+-------------------+

    3. For non AIO-SX systems, unlock the controller.

      For example:

      ~(keystone_admin)]$ system host-unlock controller-1

  14. Show the Kubernetes upgrade status.

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-show
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property     | Value                                |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| uuid         | bf3f9c80-0cec-49a0-91ef-dd86c9bb8fe8 |
| from_version | v1.21.8                              |
| to_version   | v1.22.5                              |
| state        | upgrading-kubelets                   |
| created_at   | 2023-06-26T18:44:46.854319+00:00     |
| updated_at   | 2023-06-26T19:41:57.936617+00:00     |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+

  15. Upgrade kubelet on all worker hosts.

    Multiple worker hosts can be upgraded simultaneously provided there is sufficient capacity remaining on other worker hosts.

    For each worker host, do the following:

    1. Lock the host.

      For example:

      ~(keystone_admin)]$ system host-lock worker-1

    2. Perform the upgrade.

      For example:

      ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-host-upgrade worker-1 kubelet
+-----------------------+-------------------+
| Property              | Value             |
+-----------------------+-------------------+
| control_plane_version | v1.22.5           |
| hostname              | worker-1          |
| id                    | 3                 |
| kubelet_version       | v1.21.8           |
| personality           | worker            |
| status                | upgrading-kubelet |
| target_version        | v1.22.5           |
+-----------------------+-------------------+

    3. Unlock the host.

      For example:

      ~(keystone_admin)]$ system host-unlock worker-1

  16. Complete the Kubernetes upgrade.

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-complete
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property     | Value                                |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| uuid         | bf3f9c80-0cec-49a0-91ef-dd86c9bb8fe8 |
| from_version | v1.21.8                              |
| to_version   | v1.22.5                              |
| state        | upgrade-complete                     |
| created_at   | 2023-06-26T18:44:46.854319+00:00     |
| updated_at   | 2023-06-26T19:06:47.515747+00:00     |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+

  17. Optional step: Update all applications that have the timing: post metadata setting.

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-post-application-update

  18. Remove the alarm 900.007 (Kubernetes upgrade in progress) if it is still running after the upgrade.

    ~(keystone_admin)]$ system kube-upgrade-delete